Abstract

INTEGRATIVE MANAGEMENT OF MASSIVE ROTATOR CUFF TEARS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A CASE-BASED REVIEW OF ANSA MARMA AND SNAYU DUSHTI

*Dr. Pooja Makhnotra, Dr. Kartik Goel

Abstract

Background: Chronic shoulder disability in the geriatric population is frequently precipitated by massive rotator cuff failures, which are exacerbated in the presence of systemic inflammatory conditions like Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). While modern orthopaedics focuses on mechanical wear and age-centric degeneration, Ayurveda provides a deeper pathophysiological understanding through the concepts of Ansa Marma Dushti and Snayu Dushti, where systemic inflammation acts as a catalyst for structural collapse. Objective: This article seeks to delineate the integrative management of massive rotator cuff tears by correlating modern radiological evidence and cadaveric structural insights with the Ayurvedic principles of Vatavyadhi and Dhatu Kshaya. Discussion: Clinical observations from a 68-year-old female patient with a longstanding history of RA and Hypertension revealed a nearcomplete (>2 cm) supra-infraspinatus rupture with severe muscle atrophy. The highly aggressive systemic inflammation, evidenced by Anti-CCP levels >195.6 U/ml and reactive RA factor, directly correlates with the Ayurvedic notion of chronic Vata-aggravation, which depletes the Snayu (tendons) and Asthi (bones). Cadaveric evidence further identifies a "critical zone" of hypovascularity that mirrors the poor healing potential seen in RA patients. While conservative management using Vatashamana therapies—such as Sinchnad Guggulu and Maharasnadi Kwath—aimed to control systemic inflammation, the structural magnitude of the tear necessitated a surgical referral for functional restoration. Conclusion: The presence of Rheumatoid Arthritis transforms a mechanical rotator cuff tear into a complex systemic pathology. Synergizing Rachana Sharir insights with advanced imaging provides a robust framework for managing such cases. An integrative approach is paramount to balance inflammatory control (Shamana) with the structural requirements of surgical intervention in massive Ansa Marma injuries.

Keywords: Supraspinatus Tendon Rupture; Glenohumeral Instability; Ansa Marma Pathology; Snayu Dushti; Integrative Orthopaedics; Rheumatoid Arthritis; Geriatric Musculoskeletal Dysfunction.