Abstract

A BRIEF REVIEW ON DRUGS USED IN TREATMENT OF HIV INFECTION (AIDS)

Abhijit P. Borkar*, Anushree A. Dhole, Shreya A. Dhurandhar, Khemu G. Shedame, Dr. Manisha D. Kitukale

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to pose a crucial challenge for public health across the globe. Although ART therapy has been successful in turning HIV into a treatable chronic condition, current three-drug combinations often lead to side effects, pill burden, and potential drug-drug interactions. Therefore, current scientific studies tend to focus on developing efficient two-drug therapies. The aim of this systematic review of literature is to analyze the efficacy, safety profile, pharmacology, and prospects for Idvynso use (doravirine 100 mg + islatravir 0.25 mg in one tablet) for HIV- 1 treatment in adults. This document describes the general epidemiology of HIV and pathogenetic processes associated with HIV infection, as well as analyzes current classification systems used for antiretroviral drugs. Furthermore, the study discusses results of pivotal Phase 3 trials (Trial 051, Trial 052). Pharmacological assessment demonstrates that doravirine operates as a new generation NNRTI that does not produce central nervous system side effects and circumvents mutations experienced historically by the class. Islatravir is a unique NRTTI characterized by its prolonged intracellular halflife and dual activity as both a translocation inhibitor and a delayed chain terminator. Pharmacological findings demonstrate that a reduced calibrated dose of islatravir (0.25 mg) successfully achieves non-inferior virologic suppression when compared to triple-drug combinations (e.g., Biktarvy) and counteracts the historical concerns associated with lymphocyte depletion. Even with its limited metabolism, occasional hypersensitivity, and specific CYP3A drug interactions, Idvynso offers a safe, highly effective, and extremely valuable tenofovir-free, one-pill treatment solution for the aging population affected by HIV.

Keywords: HIV 1, Antiretroviral Therapy [ART], Idvynso, Doravirine, Islatravir, Two-Drug Regimen, Non-inferiority Clinical Trials (Trial 051/ Trial 052), Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase, Translocation Inhibitor (NRTTI), Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Translocati