Abstract

A REVIEW ON TUBERCULOSIS IN INDIA CONTROL, CASE STUDY AND CHALLENGES STRATEGIES

Sagar Singh Jough, Riya Mathur

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a severe infectious disease caused by the agent mycobacterium tuberculosis. It usually affects the lungs but can affect any part of the body. It is a global health concern affecting millions of people around the world. Despite having effective treatments and programs for its eradication, it remains one of the most stubborn challeng. Signs of TB include persistent cough, weight loss, fever and chills. Pharmacovigilance refers to the process of monitoring the safety and efficacy of drugs in order to detect and prevent any risk related to their use. It is an essential process for ensuring patient safety and preventing any harm from the use of medicine. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are the noxious effects which can occur with the use of medication and Pharmacovigilance is an essential practice in order to detect these ADRs and manage hem according to the guidelines laid out by the regulatory agencies. ADRs in the treatment of TB, be it Primary TB or MDR or XDR-TB are a common occurrence more so in the case of MDR and XDR-TB as the second line drugs used in the treatment of TB have a high toxicity profile. The most common ADR associated with use of anti-tubercular drugs is gastrointestinal problems including nausea, vomiting and gastrointestinal irritation. Other ADRs such as psychosis, hepatootxicity, peripheral neuropathy, Ototoxicity, vision problems, Arthralgia and skin reactions are also observed with the patients undergoing treatment for TB. Management of ADRs is one of the most essential step as proper management can improve the condition of the patient quickly and with affective management the ADRs associated with the use of anti-tubercular drugs can be significantly.

Keywords: Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pharmacovigilance, Adverse Drug Reactions.