Abstract

STUDIES ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME SELECTED CHEWING STICKS USED IN NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA

J. Muazu*, S. G. Zakama, B. Timi, G. T. Mohammed and S. J. Madu

Abstract

Objective: This study is aimed at assessing the antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract of some selected chewing sticks (Azadirachta indica, Citrus sinensis, Vernonia amygdalina, Eucalyptus obliqua and Salvadora persica) commonly used in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council and its environs in order to ratify their use in ethno medical treatment of oral infections. Methods: The antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract of some selected chewing sticks was assayed against some clinical isolates (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) using the disc diffusion method. Results: The findings emanating from this study indicates a concentration dependent growth inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus ranging from 0.00 to 12.00 mm. However only Eucalyptus obliqua showed graded dose activity against Escherichia coli (8.00-9.00 mm) with the other samples showing no activity. Conclusion: Conclusively, the study shows that apart from mechanical removal of debris, cleaning of gums and teeth, most of the chewing sticks have some antibacterial activities against some bacteria’s that are not residents of the oral cavity, hence ratifying their use in ethno medical treatment of oral infections.

Keywords: Chewing stick, Oral cavity, Antibacterial activity, Disc diffusion method and Northeastern Nigeria.