Abstract

ASHWAGANDHA: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF ITS DRAVYAGUNA AND THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS IN CLASSICAL AYURVEDA

Dr. Binita Debnath* MD(Ayurveda)

Abstract

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal.), commonly known as Indian ginseng, is one of the most important medicinal plants described in Ayurveda and is classified in the Charak samhita of Balya and Brimhaniya varga. It is extensively mentioned in classical Ayurvedic texts for promoting strength, vitality, longevity, and resistance to disease. The present drug review focuses on the Ayurvedic pharmacological and therapeutic attributes of Ashwagandha based on classical literature. According to Ayurveda, Ashwagandha possesses tikta and kasaya Rasa, laghu and Snigdha Guna, Ushna Virya, and Madhura Vipaka, and is primarily Vata-Kapha hamaka. It is attributed with important properties such as Balya, Brimhana, Rasayana, Vrishya, Medhya, and Nidrajanana. The drug is traditionally used in various formulations, including Ashwagandha Churna, Ashwagandharishta, and Ashwagandha Ghrita. The review also highlights its classical synonyms, botanical identification, parts used, therapeutic indications, dosage, and formulations, along with an overview of its modern pharmacological relevance. Ashwagandha represents an important bridge between traditional Ayurvedic concepts of Rasayana therapy and contemporary interest in anti oxidant, anti cancerous, immunomodulatory, anti- nflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. A systematic review of its classical and modern pharmacological aspects may help in understanding its therapeutic potential and provide a scientific basis for its continued clinical application in Ayurveda.

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