Abstract

A REVIEW ON GOLD NANOPARTICLES

Piyush Sharma*, Veer Singh, Renu Chaudhary and Vineet Joshi

Abstract

Metal nanoparticles specifically gold nanoparticles have abundant use in the field of biotechnology and biomedicine because they have large surface bio conjugation with molecular probes and they also have many optical properties which are mainly concerned with localized Plasmon resonance (PR). These particles have special and enhanced physical and chemical properties as compared to their bulk materials due to their large reactive and exposed surface area and quantum size effect as a result of specific electronic structures. These particles have been widely used in many fields such as electronics, photochemical, biomedicine and chemistry. Inorganic nanoparticles and combination of inorganic nanoparticles with organic materials to form hybrids possess unique physical, chemical, optical and electrical properties which make them different and more applicable than large size materials. Nanoparticles are proved to bepromising multi-functional platform because they can be used for many imaging and therapeutic functions. These types of platforms can be synthesized by different organic, inorganic or hybrid of organic and inorganic materials but among all these inorganic platforms are of most important for diagnosis and simultaneous therapy due to their easy modification, stability and high drug loading capacity. Recently much attention has been paid towards controlling the shape and size of metal nanostructures because all the magnetic, catalytic, electrical and optical properties of metal nanostructures are influenced by their shape and size.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, Target Drug Delivery.