Abstract

CHALLENGES OF CURRENT TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT TO TOTALLY DRUG RESISTANCE –TUBERCULOSIS; A REVIEW

Jethva Khushboo*, Bhatt Dhara, Patel Sonal and Zaveri Maitreyi

Abstract

The resurgence of tuberculosis from a forgotten disease to a modern and resurgent pathology is a matter of serious global concern. Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis (TDR-TB) is a generic term for tuberculosis strains that are resistant to a wider range of drugs than strains classified as extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. TDR-TB has been identified in three countries; India, Iran, and Italy. It is most commonly described as 'resistance to all first- and second-line drugs used to treat TB. The treatment of TDR-TB includes antibiotics with disputed or minimal effectiveness against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the fatality rate is high. TDR-TB has resulted from further mutations within the bacterial genome to confer resistance, beyond those seen in XDR- and MDR-TB. Development of resistance is associated with poor management of cases. Drug resistance testing occurs in only 9% of TB cases worldwide. Without testing to determine drug resistance profiles, MDR- or XDR-TB patients may develop resistance to additional drugs. TDR-TB is relatively poorly documented, as many countries do not test patient samples against a broad enough range of drugs to diagnose such a comprehensive array of resistance. There is no therapy or formulation available for the prevention and treatment of total drug resistance tuberculosis.

Keywords: Challenges to TB treatment, MDR-TB, XDR-TB and TDR-TB.