Abstract

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM BARK OIL AND CINNAMALDEHYDE ON SOME LOCALLY ISOLATED PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

Hutaf A. A. Alsalim*, Muayad S. Shawkat and Majed Ibrahem Al Khwaildy

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial effect of Cinnamomum zealynicum bark oil and cinnamaldehyde against some gram positive and gram negative pathogenic bacteria which isolated from wounds, throat infection, urine and stool during the period from December /2013 to February /2014 from Alkarama hospital in Wasit / Iraq. All these isolates were identified by using VITEK2 compact system. Antibiotic sensitivity test of the bacterial isolates was determined for ten antibiotics. Chemical analysis showed that Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark oil extract contained different active compounds (phenols, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, cumarins, saponins, resins and flavones). Cinnamaldehyde partially purified from cinnamon bark oil by using liquid-liquid system. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed concentration of cinnamaldehyde about 88% at retention time (2.587 min) comparison with standard (2.583 min). The laboratory tests of antimicrobial activity for cinnamon bark oil and cinnamaldehyde extracts showed that Staphylococcus aureus is the most affected by the extracts under study then followed by Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Cinnamon oil and Cinnamaldehyde showed best activity for S. aureus, which gave 80 μg/ml (MIC) and 110 μg/ml (MBC), and 35 μg/ml (MIC) and 50 μg/ml (MBC) respectively. While they gave 175 μg/ml (MIC) and 200 μg/ml (MBC), and 110 μg/ml (MIC) and 150 μg/ml (MBC) respectively for K. pneumoniae. Oil extract did not show inhibition zone at 50 and 100 μg/ml for E. coli and K. pneumonia, and at 50 μg/ml for S. pneumoniae, but showed inhibition zone for all isolates at other concentrations. In other hand cinnamaldehyde did not show inhibition zone at 50 μg/ml for E coli and K.pneumoniae, but showed inhibition zone for all isolates at other concentrations.

Keywords: cinnamon oil, Cinnamaldehyde, HPLC, antimicrobial, pathogenic microorganisms.