Abstract

HEALTH EFFECTS AND SIDE EFFECTS OF ENERGY DRINKS CONTAINING CAFFEINE ON ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS. STUDY CONDUCTED IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF KARACHI

*Dr. Saima Baig, Dr. Lubna Bashir, Dr. Shazia Naz, Dr. M. Ghias Uddin Siddiqui, Arshia Wamiq, Dr. Imran Khalid and S. M. Ali Mustafa

Abstract

Caffeine is most likely the most frequently ingested pharmacologically energeticsubstance in the world. two Caffeine is a methylxanthine whose predominantorganic effect is the aggressive antagonism of the adenosine receptor. two Its presence in coffee, tea, soda beverages, chocolate and many prescription and over-the-counter tablets makes it a commonly ate up stimulant. Coffee and/or caffeine consumption has been linked to common human ailments in epidemiologic studies. Recent studies, displaying a vast effect over lengthyfollow-up intervals and with high espresso intake, have again raised the question of a function for espresso and/or caffeine consumption in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic heart disease. Contrary to frequent belief, the present work provides little proof that coffee and/or caffeine in regular dosages will increase the risk of a number disease as well as surprising loss of life or arrhythmia. Results point out that caffeine can potentiate each cardiovascular and neuroendocrine stress reactivity and that the routine use of caffeine is now not always associated with the development of tolerance to these effects. Caffeine is one of the most regularly ingested alkaloids worldwide. It is existing in coffee, tea, gentle and strength drinks, chocolate, etc. Currently posted statisticshas been stressed that the metyloxantine consumption increases the risk of coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, arterial stiffness and an elevation of ldl cholesterol and homocysteine plasma concentration. The acute high consumption may also additionally modulate insulin sensitivity and glucose blood level. However, the long-term consumption reduces the incidence of the type 2 diabetes mellitus. When administered in excessive doses the substance may cause a range of side effects, related to abnormal stimulation of the central nervous system, limit tonus of the lower esophageal sphincter, as properly as enlarge danger of miscarriage and intrauterine growth retardation.

Keywords: behavior, caffeine, calcium balance, cardiovascular effects, children, coffee, congenital malformations, development, fertility, fetal growth, pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, tea.