Abstract

SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF AMOXICILLIN AND CEPHALEXIN ENCAPSULATED CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES AGAINST URINARY TRACT INFECTION CAUSING ESCHERICHIA COLI AND KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE

Kanchana. M*,Malathy. B. R, Jeevitha. D, Reema.O, Sonia. S

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are persistent that leads to therapeutic failure because of poor penetration and limited availability of antibiotics. This study aims to detect the etiology of UTI and the antibiogram pattern to the commonly used antimicrobial agents in local scenario. The study also focused to develop an effective nanoformulation using chitosan against highly antibiotic resistant pathogens. Isolation, identification and evaluation of antibiogram by standard Kirby Bauer’s method. The chitosan(CS) encapsulated resistant antibiotics was characterized by SEM, FTIR, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release and antibacterial effect against the resistant strains. 40 urine samples were processed, of which 60% were positive and was identified as Escherichia coli (47.5%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.5 %). The resistant rates of E. coli for amoxicillin (Amo) and cephalexin (Cep) were found to be 84.2% and 73.7% respectively. However, K. pneumoniae showed 100% resistance for both antibiotics. In accordance, we developed a biocompatible antibiotics encapsulated with chitosan for their sustained release into the bacterial cells. This was confirmed by disc diffusion method which showed susceptible zones with Amoxicillinchitosan nanoparticles (Amo-CS Nps) and cephalexin-chitosan nanoparticles (Cep-CS Nps) when compared to bare Amoxicillin and cephalexin. Thus the development of such a nanoformulation could be used for the better treatment of wide range of other bacterial diseases and in developing safe vehicles for drug delivery in the future.

Keywords: Amoxicillin, Chitosan, Cephalexin, Nanoparticles, UTI.