Abstract

THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF EFFECT OF MACERATION AND REFLUXING TIME ON ANTIPLASMODIAL ACTIVITY OF GUIERA SENEGALENSIS ROOTS

Enas Ali Hassan Alkangar*¹, Matab Amgad Omer², Tahani Abdallah Dafaalla², Mahasen Gaiballa Mohamedain², Shimaa Almamoon Kabashi² and Fatima Ahmed Mubarak²

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the extraction method and solvent of thehighest antimalarial components extracting capacity among themethods and solvents used and to identify the effect of maceration andrefluxing time on Anti-plasmodial activity of the root of Guierasenegalensis. The roots was extracted by maceration for different timeswith petroleum ether, Chloroform (24, 48 and 72 hour) and ethanol70% (6, 24, 48 hour) and refluxing methods for different times byChloroform (15, 30, 60 min.), yield % was calculated. Phytochemicalscreening and thin layer chromatographic analysis of all 12 extractswere carried out using standard methods. All extracts evaluated forAntiplasmodial activities against Plasmodium falciparum. The highestyield % (2.36%) was observed with ethanol 70 % (24h) and the lowest one (0.10%) wasobserved with chloroform (48h), phytochemical analysis exhibited the presence of Essentialoils, Coumarins, Anthraquinones, Alkaloids, Saponins, Terpenoids, Tannins, Flavenoids andCardiac glycosides. Ether extract (24h) and all chloroform extracts resulted in parasitesurvival of less than 50 %, the highest activity observed with chloroform extract (24hour)with IC50 (113.24 μg/ml). Ether extracts (48 and 72 h) in addition to all ethanol extracts werefound to be inactive. The antiplasmodial activity was found to be affected adversely by longextraction time. Temp. has been found to have negative effect on the antiplasmodial activityof Guiera senegalensis.

Keywords: Guiera senegalensis, Antiplasmodial, Thin layer chromatography, Maceration, Reflux.