Abstract

DEVELOPMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF AN ANTIBIOTIC INTRAPOCKET DEVICE FOR PERIODONTAL DISEASE

Nigil Sebastian Joy*, Flowerlet Mathew and Febi S. Kuruvila

Abstract

Periodontal disease causes destruction of adjuvant structures of the teeth predominate in all groups, ethnicities, races and both genders. It is generally agreed that gram negative anaerobic germs residing in periodontal vacuities are responsible for periodontitis. Systemic antibiotic therapy is employed in treating this diseased condition, but it has limited due to the lack of accessibility to periodontopathic organisms in the periodontal pocket. Different modes of local delivery devices are developed to deliver the drug locally into periodontal pits. These controlled intra-pocket devices also help in the maintenance of therapeutic drug concentration for the desired period of time. The goal of this research was to fabricate controlled release dental films, loaded with satranidazole as an antimicrobial agent which consists of a common biodegradable polymer and a co-polymer in different proportions for targeted delivery of drug. About 6 formulations of satranidazole dental inserts were prepared with gelatin as the principle biodegradable polymer and sodium alginate as a co-polymer in different ratios. Formulated periodontal films were then crosslinked with 2% v/v glutaraldehyde for 2 and 4 hours respectively inorder to upgrade the formulations for extended release. The dental inserts produced in such a manner were evaluated for their thickness uniformity, folding endurance, weight uniformity, % drug content, surface pH, swelling index, in-vitro drug release, in-vitro permeation, in-vitro antibacterial activity and stability studies. Based on these findings best film was selected as the one which is fabricated with gelatin and sodium alginate (1:1 ratio) i.e. F2 (2 hour crosslinked strip), since it can deliver the drug over MIC in each day of therapy and it is having an adequate drug content and other necessitate film characteristics. The kinetic models of the formulation F2 (2 hour crosslinked film) was then found and it denoted that the formulation undergoes zero order release kinetics and model fits to Higuchi which is reflective of the diffusion mechanism of medication release. The mechanism of drug delivery was found to be Non-Fickian. From the assessments of the results, it is possible to easily predict the fact that gelatin and sodium alginate in a definite concentration can be used to prepare films utilizing the antibacterial activity of satranidazole for healing periodontitis.

Keywords: Periodontitis, Satranidazole, Gelatin, Sodium alginate, Periodontal films, Intra-pocket device.