Abstract

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC-MS) ANALYSIS IN CALLUS EXTRACTS OF RUTA GRAVEOLENS L

Malik Aabid Hussain*, Varsha Nitin Nathar and Javid Iqbal Mir

Abstract

The production of plant secondary metabolites by in vitro culture is one of the most challenging and thrilling field of recent scientific researches. The tremendous increase in demand of phytochemicals by pharmaceutical companies has lead to over exploitation of medicinal plants. Therefore in present study an efficient protocol for callogenesis was developed by using various plant growth regulators and a detailed Gas chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was carried out to identify the presence of bioactive principles in the callus extracts by using solvents with different polarities. The different explants of R.graveolens were cultured on MS medium with various concentrations of auxins (Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), 2, 4- Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) and Napthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and cytokinins (Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Kinetin) singly and in combinations for callus induction. Among them 2, 4-D (1.5 mg/l) +NAA (1.5 mg/l) responded well by giving the maximum percentage of callus induction (97.22±2.54). For the extraction of secondary metabolites 5-6 weeks old yellow compact callus was dried at room temperature and extracted with organic solvents through soxhlet extractor. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of various bioactive constituents with a wide range of biological activities (antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-oxidative, anti-proliferative, photobiological, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumou, anti-platelet aggregation).

Keywords: Callus, GC-MS, Ruta graveolens, Bioactive compounds.