Abstract

NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE GUT MICROBIOME RESEARCH TO UNDERSTAND THE MICROBIAL DIVERSITY OF INDIAN AND WESTERN POPULATIONS WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS: A SHORT REVIEW

Ardhendu Bhusan Praharaj, Santosh Kumar Behera, Budheswar Dehury, Namita
Mahapatra* and Shantanu Kumar Kar

Abstract

Gut flora comprises ecologically beneficial indigenous microbialcommunity that reside in the digestive tract of humans and inferred asgut microbiota. The aggregation of the genomes of all these gutmicrobiota is designated as gut meta-genome which play a pivotal rolein most of the gut-associated diseases. Diabetes is an autoimmunedisease whose incidence has rapidly surged through out all over theglobe over the last two decades. Accruing evidence suggests thatmicrobiota plays a key role in the biological mechanism of diabetesand other diseases. Establishment of microbes in the colon begins atbirth, however, the succession and composition of the intestinalmicrobial community depend upon several factors, however notrestricted to, the ageing, dietary, genetic variability, gender, geographicregion, and health status of an individual. Therefore, the inclusion of diverse study populationin the study of the gut microbiome is indispensable in case of Indian population which isunique in terms of ethnicity, food habits and geographic location. This review is intended toprovide an association between gut microbiota and diabetes, which concisely explain thesignificance of the intestinal microbes and its present status in between Indian and westernpopulation. Further, this review has also explored the possible role and cause for the development of diabetes influenced by the gut microbiota. In conclusion, it can be suggested that Indian population could be the signatures required to promote the human health status by the clinicians.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Health Status; Life Style; Gastrointestinal Tract.