Abstract

PREVALENCE OF RISK FACTORS - HYPERTENSION, DIABETES MELLITUS & HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN STROKE

Syed Muzzammil*, Seemala Shravanthi, P. Swetha Rani and Dr. Manjari Bodasu

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are implicated to a significant mortality and morbidity around the world mainly due to urbanization that inadvertently affects the general health of the population. We conducted an epidemiological prospective observational study for a duration of 6 months at a multispecialty hospital located within a suburban locality of Hyderabad. Patients data was collected, evaluated and the prestroke risk factors were assessed using an elaborate questionnaire and patient profiles. Risk factors such as Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperlipidemia and Transient ischemic stroke were obtained from the case history, and social factors such as alcohol intake, smoking were also documented. Hypertension was found to be the most significant factor in 76% of patients, followed by hyperlipidemia 42%, diabetes 39.3%, alcohol 34%, recurrent stroke 22.6%, TIA 20%, smoking 10.6% and coronary artery disease 4%. Almost 16% of patients were unaware of their prior hypertension, and only 41% were inclined to medication adherence. Higher systolic BP was seen in men. Owing the suburban surrounding, considerable alcoholics were women. However, men were higher in terms of both smoking and alcohol consumption(16.6%). Prevalence of risk factors was higher in the middle aged patients which was found to be correlated with the stroke incidence. Hypertension contributed significantly to study population. Patient education about the early detection of risk factors and adherence to medication was presented to reduce the overall mortality and morbidity associated with stroke in our environment.

Keywords: Epidemiology, Risk factors, Stroke, Suburban population, Patient education, Medication adherence.