Abstract

IMPORTANCE OF HPV IN DEVELOPMENT OF CANCER: MINI REVIEW

Dr. Om Prakash Gupta, Shainda Laeeq* and Dr. Shalini Gupta

Abstract

HPV enters the skin or mucosa through breaks in the surface (eventhose not visible to the naked eye). Once inside, HPV infectshost epithelial cells, it produces new viruses. In the process of healthycell replacement, the infected cells are shed, releasing viral particles.Although this is not a normal part of the HPV life cycle, high riskstrains of HPV can combine viral DNA into the host genome. Infectedhost cells get a selective advantage from viral integration leading to alonger infection time. As long as the infection lasts, the more timethere is for cancer to develop. The human papillomaviruses (HPV)have a heterogeneous group of more than 130 epitheliotropicgenotypes, 16 of which are considered "high-risk" types and linkedwith the development of malignant disease. HPV 16 and HPV 18, arehigh-risk types, with the main etiological agents of cervical cancer. HPV 16 is involved inabout half of all cases of cancer.[1] HPV are responsible for approximately half a million newcervical cancer with Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma as the eighth most commoncancer.[2] Almost 250,000 deaths per year, occur in developing countries.[1]

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