Abstract

CORONARY PERFORATIONS AND GENERATION OF STENTS: AN UPDATE AND REVIEW

Supriya Shidhaye, Nikhita Prabhu, Farheen Badshah, Priyank Parikh

Abstract

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is a standard treatment for coronary arterial disease. Use of this ‗noninvasive‘ treatment has rapidly expanded, since its introduction in 1977, to more than 500 000 cases per year in the United States alone. There has been a high restenosis rate of the treated segment following PTCA, up to 30%. Metallic intracoronary stents were introduced to prevent arterial dissection, elastic recoil, and intimal hyperplasia associated with PTCA treatment. However, metal stents themselves induce an inflammatory response which can contribute to intimal hyperplasia 2, 3. This problem has led to the intensive development of drug eluting stents and bioabsorbable stents that can be loaded with various drugs for the treatment of coronary arterial disease. This review article not only highlights various problems on coronary arterial disease but also gives an updated review of various stents which are currently used for its treatment.

Keywords: PTCA, metal stents, drug eluting stents, bioabsorbable stents.